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The third and final party is the payor, typically an insurance company, which facilitates reimbursement for the services rendered. Medical billing involves creating invoices for services rendered to patients, a process known as the billing cycle or Revenue Cycle Management (RCM). [ 12 ]
The US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) proposed the initial set of guidelines for the establishment of ACOs under the Medicare Shared Savings Program (PPACA Section 3201) on March 31, 2011. These guidelines stipulate the necessary steps that physician, hospital and other health care provider groups must complete to become an ACO.
Third-party payers (public and private health insurance) advocated for an improved model instead of the UCR fees that led to "some egregious distortions". [2] In the mid-1980s, U.S. health care "payments for doing procedures had far outstripped payments for diagnosis". [ 2 ]
The payer is a healthcare organization that pays claims, administers insurance or benefit or product. Examples of payers include an insurance company, healthcare professional (HMO), preferred provider organization (PPO), government agency (Medicaid, Medicare etc.) or any organization that may be contracted by one of these former groups.
Utilization management (UM) or utilization review is the use of managed care techniques such as prior authorization that allow payers, particularly health insurance companies, to manage the cost of health care benefits by assessing its medical appropriateness before it is provided, by using evidence-based criteria or guidelines.
Patients can welcome services under third-party payers because "when people are insulated from the cost of a desirable product or service, they use more." [ 11 ] Evidence suggests primary care physicians paid under a FFS model tend to treat patients with more procedures than those paid under capitation or a salary. [ 12 ]
All-payer rate setting is a price setting mechanism in which all third parties pay the same price for services at a given hospital. [1] It can be used to increase the market power of payers (such as private and/or public insurance companies) versus providers, such as hospital systems , in order to control costs.
In the United States, a pharmacy benefit manager (PBM) is a third-party administrator of prescription drug programs for commercial health plans, self-insured employer plans, Medicare Part D plans, the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, and state government employee plans.