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Puntland is a federal state in the northeast of Somalia. Galmudug is a federal state in central Somalia. Jubaland is a federal state in the south of Somalia. [2] In November 2014, the South West State of Somalia was established. [3] Hirshabelle State was formed in October 2016. [4] Khatumo State in the north central region was recognized in 2023.
The regional state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somalia to the northeast, east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. [5] Jijiga is the capital of the country somali (Ogadenia). . [6]
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Somalia: Somalia – country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea to the east, and Kenya to the southwest.
Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled Ogadēn; Somali: Ogaadeen, Amharic: ውጋዴ/ውጋዴን) is one of the historical names used for the modern Somali Region. It is also natively referred to as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. ' Western Somalia '). The region forms the eastern portion of Ethiopia and borders Somalia.
From 1977 to 1978, Ethiopia and Somalia fought in the Ogaden War led by Colonel Mengistu Haile Mariam and General Siad Barre respectively. The EPRDF government demarcated the border of Ogaden into Somali Region. Somalia is located at the base of Ethiopia's protrude southeast region; from the South, it is bounded by Wabi Shebelle and Genale ...
Somalia has an estimated population of 18.1 million, [16] [17] [18] of which 2.7 million live in the capital and largest city, Mogadishu. Around 85% of its residents are ethnic Somalis and the official languages of the country are Somali and Arabic, though the former is the primary language.
The country's highest point, Shimber Berris, which rises to 2,460 meters, is located near the town of Erigavo. Southward the mountains descend, often in scarped ledges, to an elevated plateau devoid of perennial rivers. This region of broken mountain terrain, shallow plateau valleys, and usually dry watercourses is known to the Somalis as the Ogo.
To the north of Somaliland is the Gulf of Aden, which borders Somaliland along its only coastline. In its north-western corner, Somaliland shares a border with Djibouti. Ethiopia borders the country to the west and to the south. Somalia, which claims sovereignty over the territory of Somaliland, lies to the east. [6] [7]