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  2. Concussion grading systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concussion_grading_systems

    An initial score of greater than 11 is associated with a 90 percent chance of complete recovery. [7] Because most concussed individuals score 14 or 15 on the 15-point scale, its primary use in evaluating individuals for sports-related concussions is to rule out more severe brain injury and to help determine which athletes need immediate medical ...

  3. Second-impact syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-impact_syndrome

    Adolescents who sustain a head injury that goes unrecognized could be placing themselves at a greater risk due to the effects of longer and more diffuse cerebral swelling that occurs in their body. [41] The adolescent brain is 60 times more sensitive to components of the metabolic chain reaction that occurs after trauma, resulting in more ...

  4. Brain healing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_healing

    Brain injury will commonly be accompanied by acute swelling, which impairs function in brain tissue that remains alive. Resolution of swelling is an important factor for the individual's function to improve. The greatest factor in functional recovery after brain injury comes from the brain's ability to learn, called neuroplasticity. After ...

  5. Brain injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_injury

    Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most widely used scoring system used to assess the level of severity of a brain injury. This method is based on the objective observations of specific traits to determine the severity of a brain injury. It is based on three traits: eye opening, verbal response, and motor response, gauged as described below. [35]

  6. Concussion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concussion

    A concussion, also known as a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), is a head injury that temporarily affects brain functioning. [8] Symptoms may include headache, dizziness, difficulty with thinking and concentration, sleep disturbances, mood changes, a brief period of memory loss, brief loss of consciousness; problems with balance; nausea; blurred vision; and mood changes.

  7. Diffuse axonal injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffuse_axonal_injury

    High levels of intracellular Ca 2+, the major cause of post-injury cell damage, [30] destroy mitochondria, [11] and trigger phospholipases and proteolytic enzymes that damage Na+ channels and degrade or alter the cytoskeleton and the axoplasm. [31] [26] Excess Ca 2+ can also lead to damage to the blood–brain barrier and swelling of the brain ...

  8. Post-concussion syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-concussion_syndrome

    Traumatic brain injury may cause damage to the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland, and deficiencies of pituitary hormones (hypopituitarism) can cause similar symptoms to post-concussion syndrome; in these cases, symptoms can be treated by replacing any hormones that are deficient. [medical citation needed]

  9. Closed-head injury - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed-head_injury

    More than 50% of patients who suffer from a traumatic brain injury will develop psychiatric disturbances. [6] Although precise rates of anxiety after brain injury are unknown, a 30-year follow-up study of 60 patients found 8.3% of patients developed a panic disorder, 1.7% developed an anxiety disorder, and 8.3% developed a specific phobia. [7]

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