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C standard localization functions are criticized because the localization state is stored globally. This means that in a given program all operations involving a locale can use only one locale at a time. As a result, it is very difficult to implement programs that use more than one locale. [6]
Any object code produced by compilers is usually linked with other pieces of object code (produced by the same or another compiler) by a type of program called a linker. The linker needs a great deal of information on each program entity. For example, to correctly link a function it needs its name, the number of arguments and their types, and ...
Also, sometimes code accessing registers is more compact, so the code is smaller, and can be fetched faster if it uses registers rather than memory. However, the number of registers is limited. Therefore, when the compiler is translating code to machine-language, it must decide how to allocate variables to the limited number of registers in the ...
Translation units define a scope, roughly file scope, and functioning similarly to module scope; in C terminology this is referred to as internal linkage, which is one of the two forms of linkage in C. Names (functions and variables) declared outside of a function block may be visible either only within a given translation unit, in which case they are said to have internal linkage – they are ...
This is convenient to allow variables that are local to a group of procedures, but not global. C lacks this feature and the localization of variables or functions can be done only for a compiling module wherein the variables or functions would have been declared static. C and Pascal allow functions to be indirectly invoked through a function ...
Both languages were originally implemented as source-to-source compilers; source code was translated into C, and then compiled with a C compiler. [ 66 ] The C++ programming language (originally named "C with Classes ") was devised by Bjarne Stroustrup as an approach to providing object-oriented functionality with a C-like syntax. [ 67 ]
Some compilers (for example, GCC [8]) provide built-in versions of many of the functions in the C standard library; that is, the implementations of the functions are written into the compiled object file, and the program calls the built-in versions instead of the functions in the C library shared object file.
In some cases directives specify global behavior, while in other cases they only affect a local section, such as a block of programming code. In some cases, such as some C programs, directives are optional compiler hints and may be ignored, but normally they are prescriptive and must be followed.