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Recognizing emotional expressions in images of human faces is a particularly important component of face perception with clear implications in human social interactions. People with schizophrenia reportedly perform poorly compared with healthy adults when asked to identify facial emotions.
Recent studies have used fMRI to explore specific brain networks, such as the salience network and default mode network, to understand their roles in schizophrenia-related symptoms. Alterations in these networks may affect self-referential thoughts and responses to external stimuli, potentially contributing to symptoms like hallucinations and ...
They are documented in schizophrenia, toxic encephalopathies, migraines, substance withdrawal syndromes, focal central nervous system lesions, and psychotic mood disorders. [3] Although traditionally linked with organic aetiologies, visual hallucinations occur in approximately 25% to 50% of individuals with schizophrenia.
Over the years, researchers had found that in people with schizophrenia, important parts of the brain are larger than usual, including the prefrontal cortex, which controls decision-making. Gray matter—the neural connections on which electrical signals travel, forming thoughts and emotions—is thinner.
For instance, individuals with schizophrenia without blunted affect show activation in the following brain areas when shown emotionally negative pictures: midbrain, pons, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex, anterior temporal pole, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and extrastriate visual cortex.
This is because schizophrenia impairs one's capacity to perform top-down processing and a higher-level integration of visual information beyond the primary visual cortex, V1. [6] Understanding how this specifically occurs in the brain may help in understanding how visual distortions, beyond imaginary hallucinations, affect schizophrenic ...
Both schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease also may be aggravated by hyperphantasia, as high levels of vivid imagery predict the severity of visual hallucinations. [6] In fact, it is possible that hyperphantasia is a "trait maker" for schizophrenia, with both disorders being associated with a smaller primary visual cortex.
A large study published in Nature Medicine reviewed the effects of GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic and Mounjaro on 175 different health outcomes. The findings show benefits for brain and heart health ...
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