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[56] [57] Low levels of serum vitamin B 12 may be caused by other factors than B 12 deficiency, such as folate deficiency, pregnancy, oral contraceptive use, haptocorrin deficiency, and myeloma. [57] High serum levels may caused by supplementing with vitamin B 12, present of antibodies to intrinsic factor, or due to underlying condition. [56]
Vitamin B 12 deficiency is preventable with supplements, which are recommended for pregnant vegetarians and vegans, and not harmful in others. [2] Risk of toxicity due to vitamin B 12 is low. [2] Vitamin B 12 deficiency in the US and the UK is estimated to occur in about 6 percent of those under the age of 60, and 20 percent of those over the ...
Vitamin B 12 deficiencies have a greater effect on young children, pregnant and elderly people, and are more common in middle and lower-developed countries due to malnutrition. [10] The most common cause of vitamin B 12 deficiency in developed countries is impaired absorption due to a loss of gastric intrinsic factor (IF) which must be bound to ...
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Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B 12 used to treat and prevent vitamin B 12 deficiency except in the presence of cyanide toxicity. [7] [8] [2] The deficiency may occur in pernicious anemia, following surgical removal of the stomach, with fish tapeworm, or due to bowel cancer.
Vitamin A supplements top Norman's do-not-fly list for his patients over 50. "Studies have shown that a healthy and diverse diet will get you enough vitamin A, and food sources are the best ...
The Mayo Clinic diet, a program that adheres to this notion, was developed by medical professionals based on scientific research, so you can trust that this program is based on science, and not ...
As a supplement it is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency including pernicious anemia. [1] [2] Other uses include treatment for cyanide poisoning, Leber's optic atrophy, and toxic amblyopia. [3] [4] It is given by injection into a muscle or vein, [2] by pill or sublingually. Side effects are generally few. [2]