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Theophylline is excreted unchanged in the urine (up to 10%). Clearance of the drug is increased in children (age 1 to 12), teenagers (12 to 16), adult smokers, elderly smokers, as well as in cystic fibrosis, and hyperthyroidism. Clearance of the drug is decreased in these conditions: elderly, acute congestive heart failure, cirrhosis ...
Still, the blood values are approximately equal between the arterial and venous sides for most substances, with the exception of acid–base, blood gases and drugs (used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays). [6] Arterial levels for drugs are generally higher than venous levels because of extraction while passing through tissues. [6]
children, varies with age 1.12-1.65 × 10 −1: adult, male 1.4-1.8 × 10 −1: adult, female 1.2-1.6 × 10 −1: inside erythrocyte ~3.3 × 10 −1: per red blood cell 27-32 picograms Hexosephosphate P 1.4-5 × 10 −5: 0-2 × 10 −6: Histamine: 6.7-8.6 × 10 −8: Histidine: 9-17 × 10 −6: 1.1-3.8 × 10 −5: Hydrogen ion(pH 7.4) 4 × 10 ...
A human has a blood volume of around = 0.08 L/kg . [7] This gives a C 0 = {\displaystyle C_{0}=} 100 μg/mL if the drug stays in the blood stream only, and thus its volume of distribution is the same as V b l o o d {\displaystyle V_{blood}} that is V D = {\displaystyle V_{D}=} 0.08 L/kg.
Because one of the active ingredients in Tedral is theophylline, Tedral is contraindicated if the patient has: [3] [6] Hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives; Coronary artery disease (cardiac stimulating effects of Theophylline may prove harmful) Peptic ulcer; Concomitant use with ephedrine in children.
Diagram showing the development of different blood cells from haematopoietic stem cell to mature cells. Haematopoiesis (/ h ɪ ˌ m æ t ə p ɔɪ ˈ iː s ɪ s, ˌ h iː m ə t oʊ-, ˌ h ɛ m ə-/; [1] [2] from Ancient Greek αἷμα (haîma) 'blood' and ποιεῖν (poieîn) 'to make'; also hematopoiesis in American English, sometimes h(a)emopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular ...
Testosterone Levels By Age. Around the age of 35, men's testosterone levels begin to decline more rapidly. Average Testosterone Levels By Age. The average male who reaches 70 years old will have ...
Anatomy and physiology is different in infants and children than adults and vary with age, which produces normal ranges for electrocardiograms. [26] Capillary refill is used across the lifespan as a cardiovascular assessment parameter because it is a non-invasive, quick test to help determine blood flow to the tissues.