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Zinc is a strong reducing agent with a standard redox potential of −0.76 V. Pure zinc tarnishes rapidly in air, rapidly forming a passive layer. The composition of this layer can be complex, but one constituent is probably basic zinc carbonate, Zn 5 (OH) 6 CO 3. [8] The reaction of zinc with water is slowed by this passive layer.
It is named for the German chemist Ludwig Gattermann [2] and is similar to the Friedel–Crafts reaction. Modifications have shown that it is possible to use sodium cyanide or cyanogen bromide in place of hydrogen cyanide. [3] The reaction can be simplified by replacing the HCN/AlCl 3 combination with zinc cyanide. [4]
Zinc cyanide is the inorganic compound with the formula Zn 2. It is a white solid that is used mainly for electroplating zinc but also has more specialized applications for the synthesis of organic compounds .
The reaction is effected with zinc. The key zinc-intermediate formed is a carbenoid (iodomethyl)zinc iodide which reacts with alkenes to afford the cyclopropanated product. The rate of forming the active zinc species is increased via ultrasonication since the initial reaction occurs at the surface of the metal.
Zinc acetylacetonate is an acetylacetonate complex of zinc, with the chemical formula of Zn(C 5 H 7 O 2) 2. The compound is in fact a trimer, Zn 3 (acac) 6 , in which each Zn ion is coordinated by five oxygen atoms in a distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure.
Sodium zincate refers to anionic zinc oxides or hydroxides, depending on conditions. In the applications of these materials, the exact formula is not necessarily important and it is likely that aqueous zincate solutions consist of mixtures.
4, with a central zinc atom in the +2 or (II) valence state coordinated to four hydroxide groups. It has Sp3 hybridization. It is the most common of the zincate anions, and is often called just zincate. These names are also used for the salts containing that anion, such as sodium zincate Na 2 Zn(OH) 4 [2] and calcium zincate CaZn(OH) 4 ·2H 2 O [3]
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.