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An overline, overscore, or overbar, is a typographical feature of a horizontal line drawn immediately above the text. In old mathematical notation, an overline was called a vinculum, a notation for grouping symbols which is expressed in modern notation by parentheses, though it persists for symbols under a radical sign.
It may be placed as an overline or underline above or below a mathematical expression to group the expression's elements. Historically, vincula were extensively used to group items together, especially in written mathematics, but in modern mathematics its use for this purpose has almost entirely been replaced by the use of parentheses. [1]
2. In geometry and linear algebra, denotes the cross product. 3. In set theory and category theory, denotes the Cartesian product and the direct product. See also × in § Set theory. · 1. Denotes multiplication and is read as times; for example, 3 ⋅ 2. 2. In geometry and linear algebra, denotes the dot product. 3.
[4] [5] The symbols (P with overline, p̄, for più (more), i.e., plus, and M with overline, m̄, for meno (less), i.e., minus) appeared for the first time in Luca Pacioli's mathematics compendium, Summa de arithmetica, geometria, proportioni et proportionalità, first printed and published in Venice in 1494. [6]
This list of mathematical series contains formulae for finite and infinite sums. It can be used in conjunction with other tools for evaluating sums. Here, is taken to have the value
This page was last edited on 4 November 2024, at 08:34 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
The overline is a typographical symbol similar to the macron, used in a number of ways in mathematics and science. ... additional terms may apply.
{} (often seen as {}) is the best way to write such expressions in HTML, but the result is unattractive due to the hole between the overline and the radical symbol in many web browsers: √ 9, 3 √ 27. This method should be avoided whenever technically possible to do so. Instead, use <math>...</math> tags and \sqrt{}, even if inline. For example: