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The Church of Antioch (Arabic: كنيسة أنطاكية, romanized: kánīsa ʾanṭākiya, pronounced [ka.niː.sa ʔan.tˤaː.ki.ja]) was the first of the five major churches of the early pentarchy in Christianity, with its primary seat in the ancient Greek city of Antioch (present-day Antakya, Turkey).
According to Church tradition, the Melkite Church of Antioch is the "oldest continuous Christian community in the world". [12] In Arabic, the official language of the church, [4] it is called ar-Rūm al-Kāṯūlīk (Arabic: الروم الكاثوليك, lit. '[Eastern] Roman Catholic').
Antioch was the place where Jesus' followers were first called "Christians" (as well as "Catholic") [41] and was the first church that St Peter had founded. [42] Alexandria, was also an important early center of Christian thought.
In 380, Emperor Theodosius I limited use of the term "Catholic Christian" exclusively to those who followed the same faith as Pope Damasus I of Rome and Pope Peter of Alexandria. [24] Numerous other early writers including Cyril of Jerusalem (c. 315–386), Augustine of Hippo (354–430) further developed the use of the term "catholic" in ...
The first Christians were all Jews, who constituted a Second Temple Jewish sect with an apocalyptic eschatology. Among other schools of thought, some Jews regarded Jesus as Lord and resurrected messiah, and the eternally existing Son of God, [7] [100] [note 8] expecting the second coming of Jesus and the start of God's Kingdom. They pressed ...
Followers of Jesus were first referred to as "Christians" (as well as "Catholic") [61] in Antioch and was, together with Alexandria, important in the thought of the early Church. It is important to note, however, that the three main apostolic sees of the early Church (i.e. the See of Antioch , the See of Alexandria , and the See of Rome ) were ...
The first pope to formally canonize a saint. 138 3 May 996 – 18 February 999 (2 years, 291 days) Gregory V GREGORIVS Quintus: c. 972 Stainach, Duchy of Carinthia, Holy Roman Empire 24 / 27 Born as a subject of the Duchy of Carinthia, the first official German pope and fifth not to use his personal name (Bruno). Henceforth, this decision ...
Evodius or Euodias (fl. c. 50–70) was an early Christian identified by some Christian writings as the first bishop of Antioch. In some traditions, he is seen as succeeding Peter . He is regarded as one of the first identifiable post-apostolic Christians , and is venerated as a saint .