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Antioch was the place where Jesus' followers were first called "Christians" (as well as "Catholic") [41] and was the first church that St Peter had founded. [42] Alexandria, was also an important early center of Christian thought.
The Church of Antioch (Arabic: كنيسة أنطاكية, romanized: kánīsa ʾanṭākiya, pronounced [ka.niː.sa ʔan.tˤaː.ki.ja]; Turkish: Antakya Kilisesi) was the first of the five major churches of what later became the pentarchy in Christianity, with its primary seat in the ancient Greek city of Antioch (present-day Antakya, Turkey).
According to Acts 11:26, Antioch was where the followers were first called Christians. Peter was later martyred in Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire . The apostles went on to spread the message of the Gospel around the classical world and founded apostolic sees around the early centers of Christianity .
According to Church tradition, the Melkite Church of Antioch is the "oldest continuous Christian community in the world". [12] In Arabic, the official language of the church, [4] it is called ar-Rūm al-Kāṯūlīk (Arabic: الروم الكاثوليك, lit. '[Eastern] Roman Catholic').
The earliest Bishops of Rome were all Greek-speaking, the most notable of them being: Pope Clement I (c. 88–97), author of an Epistle to the Church in Corinth; Pope Telesphorus (c. 126–136), probably the only martyr among them; Pope Pius I (c. 141–154), said by the Muratorian fragment to have been the brother of the author of the Shepherd ...
Antioch was a chief center of early Christianity during Roman times, [27] and converts there were the first people to be called Christians. [28] The city had a large population of Jewish origin in a quarter called the Kerateion, and so attracted the earliest missionaries. [29]
The term Christian used as an adjective is descriptive of anything associated with Christianity or Christian churches, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." [15] According to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there were 2.2 billion Christians around the world in 2010, up from about 600 million in 1910. [4]
c. 34 or 200 – Osroene – disputed; both dates claimed 179 – Silures; traditional date, now considered questionable [1] 301 – Christianization of Armenia 301 - Foundation of San Marino