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A random two-sided matching is a process by which members of two groups are matched to each other in a random way. It is often used in sports in order to match teams in knock-out tournaments . In this context, it is often called a draw , as it is implemented by drawing balls at random from a bowl, each ball representing the name of a team.
This count, either as a ratio of the total or normalized by dividing by the expected count for a random source model, is known as the index of coincidence, or IC or IOC [2] or IoC [3] for short. Because letters in a natural language are not distributed evenly , the IC is higher for such texts than it would be for uniformly random text strings.
Fair random assignment (also called probabilistic one-sided matching) is a kind of a fair division problem. In an assignment problem (also called house-allocation problem or one-sided matching), there are m objects and they have to be allocated among n agents, such that each agent receives at most one object. Examples include the assignment of ...
Match 2 + Powerball: Match two numbers and the Powerball to win $7. Match 2: No prize. Match 1 + Powerball: Match one number and the Powerball to win $4. Match 1: No prize. Match Powerball: Match ...
Match 5: Match all five numbers to win $1 million. The odds of winning are one in 12,607,306. The odds of winning are one in 12,607,306. Match 4 + Mega Ball : Match four numbers and the Mega Ball ...
Random assignment or random placement is an experimental technique for assigning human participants or animal subjects to different groups in an experiment (e.g., a treatment group versus a control group) using randomization, such as by a chance procedure (e.g., flipping a coin) or a random number generator. [1]
The birthday problem in this more generic sense applies to hash functions: the expected number of N-bit hashes that can be generated before getting a collision is not 2 N, but rather only 2 N ⁄ 2. This is exploited by birthday attacks on cryptographic hash functions and is the reason why a small number of collisions in a hash table are, for ...
The matching is stable if there are no two elements which are not roommates and which both prefer each other to their roommate under the matching. This is distinct from the stable-marriage problem in that the stable-roommates problem allows matches between any two elements, not just between classes of "men" and "women".