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  2. Enthalpy of mixing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy_of_mixing

    Enthalpy of mixing can often be ignored in calculations for mixtures where other heat terms exist, or in cases where the mixture is ideal. [2] The sign convention is the same as for enthalpy of reaction : when the enthalpy of mixing is positive, mixing is endothermic , while negative enthalpy of mixing signifies exothermic mixing.

  3. Stoichiometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoichiometry

    The molar ratio allows for conversion between moles of one substance and moles of another. For example, in the reaction 2 CH 3 OH + 3 O 2 → 2 CO 2 + 4 H 2 O. the amount of water that will be produced by the combustion of 0.27 moles of CH 3 OH is obtained using the molar ratio between CH 3 OH and H 2 O of 2 to 4.

  4. Apparent molar property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apparent_molar_property

    The apparent molar volume of salt is usually less than the molar volume of the solid salt. For instance, solid NaCl has a volume of 27 cm 3 per mole, but the apparent molar volume at low concentrations is only 16.6 cc/mole. In fact, some aqueous electrolytes have negative apparent molar volumes: NaOH −6.7, LiOH −6.0, and Na 2 CO 3 −6.7 cm ...

  5. Amount of substance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amount_of_substance

    Historically, the mole was defined as the amount of substance in 12 grams of the carbon-12 isotope.As a consequence, the mass of one mole of a chemical compound, in grams, is numerically equal (for all practical purposes) to the mass of one molecule or formula unit of the compound, in daltons, and the molar mass of an isotope in grams per mole is approximately equal to the mass number ...

  6. Raoult's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raoult's_law

    Raoult's law (/ ˈ r ɑː uː l z / law) is a relation of physical chemistry, with implications in thermodynamics.Proposed by French chemist François-Marie Raoult in 1887, [1] [2] it states that the partial pressure of each component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component (liquid or solid) multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture.

  7. Entropy of mixing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropy_of_mixing

    In thermodynamics, the entropy of mixing is the increase in the total entropy when several initially separate systems of different composition, each in a thermodynamic state of internal equilibrium, are mixed without chemical reaction by the thermodynamic operation of removal of impermeable partition(s) between them, followed by a time for establishment of a new thermodynamic state of internal ...

  8. McDonald's reports higher Q3 sales after recent E. coli ...

    www.aol.com/finance/mcdonalds-report-q3-earnings...

    McDonald's beat expectations for its third quarter results as the burger chain continues to investigate an E. coli outbreak.On Tuesday morning, the company posted revenue of $6.87 billion, up 3% ...

  9. Equivalent weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_weight

    In chemistry, equivalent weight (also known as gram equivalent [1] or equivalent mass) is the mass of one equivalent, that is the mass of a given substance which will combine with or displace a fixed quantity of another substance.