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[1] [40] [41] Addison's can affect persons of any age, sex, or ethnicity, but it typically presents in adults between 30 and 50 years of age. [41] [42] Research has shown no significant predispositions based on ethnicity. [40] About 70% of Addison's disease diagnoses occur due to autoimmune reactions, which cause damage to the adrenal cortex. [5]
Most people with primary Addison's disease have darkening (hyperpigmentation) of the skin, including areas not exposed to the sun; characteristic sites are skin creases (e.g. of the hands), nipple, and the inside of the cheek (buccal mucosa), new scars become hyperpigmented, whereas older ones do not darken.
The most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) overall is autoimmune adrenalitis. [2] The prevalence of Addison's disease ranges from 5 to 221 per million in different countries. [30] In children, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency, with an incidence 1 in 14,200 ...
What does skin cancer look like? Skin cancers come in all shapes and sizes, but when it comes to identifying Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma, here are a few key signs to ...
Addison's disease can be caused by a variety of pathological processes. It is an endocrinal disorder where there is an increased amount of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) as a result of deficient amounts of hormones being produced from the adrenal cortex. [9] Due to this, dark pigmentation may be visible on the oral mucosa or skin. [10]
"Hyperpigmentation just means darkening of the skin," says Dr. Dowling. "So basically, 'hyperpigmentation' is an umbrella term for lots of different conditions that cause hyperpigmentation ...
The best retinol serums recommended by dermatologists in 2023 are the best for beginners, sensitive skin, hyperpigmentation, hormonal acne, wrinkles, and more.
A skin biopsy may be needed in unusual cases. If no clear cause is obvious, it may be necessary to search for one. Blood tests, an endoscopy, or X-rays may be required to eliminate the possibility of diabetes or cancer as the cause. [6]: 87 On biopsy, hyperkeratosis, epidermal folding, leukocyte infiltration, and melanocyte proliferation may be ...
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