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A melting-point apparatus is a scientific instrument used to determine the melting point of a substance. Some types of melting-point apparatuses include the Thiele tube , Fisher-Johns apparatus, Gallenkamp (Electronic) melting-point apparatus and automatic melting-point apparatus.
During heating, the point at which melting is observed and the temperature constant is the melting point of the sample. [1] A more modern method uses dedicated equipment, known as a melting point apparatus. A slow heating rate at the melting point is needed in order to get an accurate measurement.
This melting-point apparatus for use with a microscope was developed by the Austrian pharmacognosist Ludwig Kofler (30 November 1891 Dornbirn - 23 August 1951 Innsbruck) and his wife mineralogist Adelheid Kofler. In 1936, the Koflers and Mayrhofer published their "Mikroskopische Methoden in der Mikrochemie" [Kofler, L., A.
A.Krüss Optronic provides a fully automatic melting point meter for powdery substances. With the device, melting points up to 400 °C can be examined. Beside these main product groups, A.Krüss Optronic offers a variety of laboratory equipment, like flame-photometers , devices for spectral measurements , UV and analysis lamps, color sensors ...
Uses include warming of reagents, melting of substrates, determination of boiling point, or incubation of cell cultures. It is also used to enable certain chemical reactions to occur at high temperature.
Refractory metals have high melting points, with tungsten and rhenium the highest of all elements, and the other's melting points only exceeded by osmium and iridium, and the sublimation of carbon. These high melting points define most of their applications. All the metals are body-centered cubic except rhenium which is hexagonal close-packed.
The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. At the melting point the solid and liquid phase exist in equilibrium. The melting point of a substance depends on pressure and is usually specified at a standard pressure such as 1 atmosphere or 100 kPa.
However, chemical reactions with the material in the crucible must be kept in mind; the emergence of melting point-lowering eutectic systems is an especially important consideration. [22] More recently, metals such as nickel and zirconium have been used. The lids are typically loose-fitting in order to allow gases to escape during the heating ...
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