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A Haitian Creole speaker, recorded in the United States. Haitian Creole (/ ˈ h eɪ ʃ ən ˈ k r iː oʊ l /; Haitian Creole: kreyòl ayisyen, [kɣejɔl ajisjɛ̃]; [6] [7] French: créole haïtien, [kʁe.ɔl a.i.sjɛ̃]), or simply Creole (Haitian Creole: kreyòl), is a French-based creole language spoken by 10 to 12 million people worldwide, and is one of the two official languages of Haiti ...
Creolization is the process through which creole languages and cultures emerge. [1] Creolization was first used by linguists to explain how contact languages become creole languages, but now scholars in other social sciences use the term to describe new cultural expressions brought about by contact between societies and relocated peoples. [2]
The McConnell–Laubach orthography is the revised form of a previously proposed orthographic system for Haitian Creole. It was first developed by H. Ormonde McConnell and his wife Primrose in 1940, and then later revised by him and Frank Laubach in 1943. [1] [2]
Haiti's new elite class styled itself after Creole customs, and it identified itself as the successor of the Saint-Domingue, promoting Creole arts and culture while emphasizing Saint-Domingue's historical role of being the center of French Creole civilization in the Americas. Haitian aristocrats Madame Leger and Louise Bourke, 1904
The Akademi Kreyòl Ayisyen (Haitian Creole pronunciation: [akademi kɣejɔl ajisjɛ̃]), known in French as the Académie du Créole Haïtien and in English as the Haitian Creole Academy, is the language regulator of Haitian Creole. [3] It is composed of up to 55 scholars under the leadership of Rogéda Dorcé Dorcil. [4] [5]
Jean-Claude Exulien, a pioneer in Miami’s Haitian community, was fondly known as Mèt Zin — Creole for “The Newsman.” Exulien, who died on Jan. 4 in Miami at 85 from liver cancer ...
This became known as Haiti’s “double debt” — with a ransom demanded by the former enslaver and a loan Haiti was forced to pay for decades. That loan, which amounted to $560 million in ...
In addition to the precise mechanism of creole genesis, a more general debate has developed whether creole languages are characterized by different mechanisms than traditional languages (which is McWhorter's 2018 main point) [42] or whether in that regard creole languages develop by the same mechanisms as any other languages (e.g. DeGraff 2001 ...