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The vegetative parts of this plant, which can reach 20–40 cm, arise from a segmented rhizome. The leaves are on long petioles, deeply and palmately dissected into five segments with large "teeth" on the margins. The white to pinkish flowers are held above the foliage in a spike. Fruit is an elongated pod which can be up to 4 cm long. [6] [7]
(state wildflower) Solidago altissima: 2003 [60] South Dakota: Pasque flower: Pulsatilla hirsutissima: 1903 [61] Tennessee: Iris (state cultivated flower) Iris: 1933 [62] Purple passionflower (state wildflower 1) Passiflora incarnata: 1919 [62] Tennessee purple coneflower (state wildflower 2) Echinacea tennesseensis: 2012 [62] Texas: Bluebonnet ...
Viola sororia is a short-stemmed, herbaceous perennial plant that grows in well-drained and shady habitats. [5] This 15–25 centimeters (6–10 in) wide violet has glossy, heart-shaped leaves and are topped with purple flowers with white throats. The lower three petals are hairy and the stem of the flower droops slightly. [7]
The leaves are, on average, 2–3 inches (5–8 cm) long with an opposite pattern along the stem of the plant. [5] The leaves have a heavy serrated edge with an oval to egg shape and a pointed tip. All leaves are covered in dense hair and are completely stalkless. [5] The stems of this plant are square and are also covered in short, dense hair.
The flowers can be white, pink, purple or blue, with three petals and six yellow anthers (or rarely, four petals and eight anthers). The sap is mucilaginous and clear. A number of species have flowers that last for only a day, opening in the morning and closing by the evening. [13]
The flowers are borne on a stem that arises from a bulb, generally in the spring or early summer. Flowers can be white, yellow, pink, purple, bluish, or streaked. The insides of the petals are often very 'hairy'. These hairs, along with the nectaries, are often used in distinguishing species from each other. [5] Species [2] [10] [11] [12] [13]
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The plants have tall spikes of purple flowers resembling bottle brushes or feathers that grow 1–5 ft (0.30–1.52 m) tall. The species grows in hardiness zones 3 - 8, [ 4 ] stretching from the Midwest to the East Coast, eastern and western Canada.
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