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Map of Sparta. The Spartans had conquered the southern Peloponnese and incorporated the territory into the enlarged Sparta state. Spartan society functioned within three classes: homoioi or spartiates, perioeci, and the helots. The helots were captives of war and were state-owned slaves of Sparta. [1]
Eurotas River. According to myth, the first king of the region later to be called Laconia, but then called Lelegia was the eponymous King Lelex.He was followed, according to tradition, by a series of kings allegorizing several traits of later-to-be Sparta and Laconia, such as the Kings Myles, Eurotas, Lacedaemon and Amyclas of Sparta.
Antique Map of Classical City of Sparta (based on ancient sources and not archaeology). Sparta is located in the region of Laconia, in the south-eastern Peloponnese. Ancient Sparta was built on the banks of the Eurotas, the largest river of Laconia, which provided it with a source of fresh water.
The war left devastation in its wake. Discontent with Spartan hegemony from both Athenian and former Spartan allies led to the Corinthian War of 395–387 BC. Backed by the Achaemenid Persian Empire, Athens, Thebes, Corinth, and Argos significantly weakened Spartan military power, though unsuccessful in ending Spartan dominance.
Map showing events of the first phases of the Greco-Persian Wars The first campaign, in 492 BC, was led by Darius's son-in-law Mardonius , [ 78 ] who re-subjugated Thrace , which had nominally been part of the Persian empire since 513 BC. [ 79 ]
The Battle of Thermopylae (/ θ ər ˈ m ɒ p ɪ l iː / thər-MOP-i-lee) [14] was fought in 480 BC between the Achaemenid Persian Empire under Xerxes I and an alliance of Greek city-states led by Sparta under Leonidas I.
The Spartan army was the principle ground force of ... but so they could be able to read military maps. [25] ... Achaemenid Empire: Spartan Defeat 394 BC: Battle of ...
The siege of Gythium was fought in 195 BC between Sparta and the coalition of Rome, Rhodes, the Achaean League, and Pergamum. As the port of Gythium was an important Spartan base, the allies decided to capture it before they advanced inland to Sparta. The Romans and the Achaeans were joined outside the city by the Pergamese and Rhodian fleets.