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China Year: President Republic of China (Taiwan) President People's Republic of China (Mainland China) 1949 Li Zongren (acting): Mao Zedong (Paramount leader: Himself) 1950
[a] The earliest rulers in traditional Chinese historiography are of mythological origin, and followed by the Xia dynasty of highly uncertain and contested historicity. During the subsequent Shang ( c. 1600–1046 BCE ) and Zhou (1046–256 BCE) dynasties, rulers were referred to as Wang 王 , meaning king . [ 4 ]
This is a timeline of Chinese history, ... The Joseon king Injo of Joseon recognized Hong Taiji's Qing dynasty as the legitimate rulers of China. ... 20th century ...
Starting with Nurhaci, there were twelve Qing rulers. Following the capture of Beijing and re-enthronement as Emperor of China in 1644, the Shunzhi Emperor (r. 1643/4–1661) became the first of the ten Qing sovereigns to rule over China proper.
Chinese heads of government during the 20th century in China See also: Category:20th-century Chinese monarchs See also: Category:Premiers of the People's Republic of China
China was a monarchy from prehistoric times up to 1912, when a republic was established. The succession of legendary monarchs of China were non-hereditary. Dynastic rule began c. 2070 BC when Yu the Great established the Xia dynasty, [d] and monarchy lasted until 1912 when dynastic rule collapsed together with the monarchical government. [5]
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The Qing dynasty that preceded the republic had experienced instability throughout the 19th century and suffered from both internal rebellion and foreign imperialism. [23] A program of institutional reform proved too little and too late. Only the lack of an alternative regime prolonged the monarchy's existence until 1912. [24] [25]