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Ganesha is mentioned in Hindu texts between the 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE, and a few Ganesh images from the 4th and 5th centuries CE have been documented by scholars. [13] Hindu texts identify him as the son of Parvati and Shiva of the Shaivism tradition, but he is a pan-Hindu god found in its various traditions.
Parvati playing with baby Ganesha. While Ganesha is popularly considered to be the son of Shiva and Parvati, the Puranas relate several different versions of his birth. [5] [6] These include versions in which he is created by Shiva, [7] by Parvati, [8] by Shiva and Parvati, [9] or in a mysterious manner that is later discovered by Shiva and Parvati.
In both images, the trunk is turned to the right. [8] Damaged four-armed or two-armed Vinayaki images are also found in Ranipur Jharial , Gujarat and Rajasthan. [8] In another image from Satna, Vinayaki is one among five theriocephalic goddesses. The central figure, the cow-headed yogini, Vrishabha, holds the baby Ganesha in her arms. [3]
The symbolism also often links the deities with a particular natural or human attribute, or profession. It is important to understand the symbolism, in order to appreciate the allegorical references in not only Hindu scriptures (for instance, Puranic tales ), but also in both ancient and modern secular works of authors from the Indian subcontinent.
Mahaganapati, folio from the Sritattvanidhi (19th century). Here he is depicted with ten arms and accompanied by a goddess. Mahaganapati (Sanskrit: महागणपति, mahā-gaṇapati), literally "Ganesha, the Great" [1]), also spelled as Maha Ganapati, and frequently called Mahaganadhipati, is an aspect of the Hindu god Ganesha.
Rao classifies Uchchhishta Ganapati as one of the five Shakti-Ganesha icons, where Ganesha is depicted with a shakti, that is, a female consort. [4] The large figure of Ganesha is accompanied with smaller figure of the consort. [1] The nude devi (goddess) sits on his left lap. She has two arms and wears various ornaments.
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Ever since the Stone Age, when elephants were represented by ancient petroglyphs and cave art, they have been portrayed in various forms of art, including pictures, sculptures, music, film, and even architecture. Elephant scalp worn by Demetrius I of Bactria (205–171 BC), founder of the Indo-Greek Kingdom, as a symbol of his conquest.