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A pallet of "8-inch" concrete blocks An interior wall of painted concrete blocks Concrete masonry blocks A building constructed with concrete masonry blocks. A concrete block, also known as a cinder block in North American English, breeze block in British English, or concrete masonry unit (CMU), or by various other terms, is a standard-size rectangular block used in building construction.
Logo of Eurocode 2 An example of a concrete structure. In the Eurocode series of European standards (EN) related to construction, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures (abbreviated EN 1992 or, informally, EC 2) specifies technical rules for the design of concrete, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete structures, using the limit state design philosophy.
Concrete has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion, and as it matures concrete shrinks. All concrete structures will crack to some extent, due to shrinkage and tension. Concrete which is subjected to long-duration forces is prone to creep. The density of concrete varies, but is around 2,400 kilograms per cubic metre (150 lb/cu ft). [1]
Ecology blocks are manufactured using concrete left over from other construction processes. A cross-section of an eco-block typically measures 2 feet (61 cm) square, with block lengths ranging from 3 feet (91 cm) to 6 feet (180 cm). One block weighs between 1,800 pounds (820 kg) and 4,000 pounds (1,800 kg). [1]
Palette stacked autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is a lightweight, prefabricated concrete building material. Developed initially in the mid-1920s, it has expanded into widespread use. [citation needed] It is most suitable for producing a lightweight or most cost-effective alternative to traditional concrete ...
By reducing the weight of the slab without compromising its structural strength, it is possible to create a thicker slab to support more weight over a longer span. Hollow-core slabs , also known as voided slabs, initially appeared as one-way elements in Europe during the 1950s, and are still commonly manufactured in precast form for ...
The characteristic strength is defined as the strength of the concrete below which not more than 5% of the test results are expected to fall. [ 16 ] For design purposes, this compressive strength value is restricted by dividing with a factor of safety, whose value depends on the design philosophy used.
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...