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[35] [note 7] Hinduism co-existed for several centuries with Buddhism, [36] to finally gain the upper hand at all levels in the 8th century. [37] [web 1] [note 8] From northern India this "Hindu synthesis", and its societal divisions, spread to southern India and parts of Southeast Asia, as courts and rulers adopted the Brahmanical culture.
The most popular hypothesis for the origin and spread of the language is the Kurgan hypothesis, which postulates an origin in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of Eastern Europe. The existence of PIE was first postulated in the 18th century by Sir William Jones, who observed the similarities between Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, and Latin. By the early ...
Hindu culture is a term used to describe the culture and identity of Hindus and Hinduism, including the historic Vedic people. [214] Hindu culture can be intensively seen in the form of art, architecture, history, diet, clothing, astrology and other forms. The culture of India and
Hinduism (/ ˈ h ɪ n d u ˌ ɪ z əm /) [1] is an umbrella term [2] [3] [a] for a range of Indian religious and spiritual traditions (sampradayas) [4] [note 1] that are unified by adherence to the concept of dharma, a cosmic order maintained by its followers through rituals and righteous living, [5] [6] [7] [b] as first expounded in the Vedas.
Hinduism is a heterogeneous religion and consists of many schools of thought. Hinduism includes a diversity of ideas on spirituality and traditions, but has no ecclesiastical order, no unquestionable religious authorities, no governing body, no prophet(s) nor any binding holy book; Hindus can be polytheistic, monotheistic, pantheistic, monistic ...
The historical Vedic religion, also called Vedicism or Vedism, and sometimes ancient Hinduism or Vedic Hinduism, [a] constituted the religious ideas and practices prevalent amongst some of the Indo-Aryan peoples of the northwest Indian subcontinent (Punjab and the western Ganges plain) during the Vedic period (c. 1500–500 BCE).
The Bhakti movement refers to the theistic devotional trend that emerged in medieval Hinduism [287] and later revolutionised in Sikhism. [288] It originated in the seventh-century south India (now parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala), and spread northwards. [287]
David Anthony, in his "revised Steppe hypothesis" [24] notes that the spread of the Indo-European languages probably did not happen through "chain-type folk migrations", but by the introduction of these languages by ritual and political elites, which were emulated by large groups of people, [25] [note 3] a process which he calls "elite ...