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An XNOR gate can be implemented using a NAND gate and an OR-AND-Invert gate, as shown in the following picture. [3] This is based on the identity ¯ (¯) ¯ An alternative, which is useful when inverted inputs are also available (for example from a flip-flop), uses a 2-2 AND-OR-Invert gate, shown on below on the right.
A standard LFSR has a single XOR or XNOR gate, where the input of the gate is connected to several "taps" and the output is connected to the input of the first flip-flop. A MISR has the same structure, but the input to every flip-flop is fed through an XOR/XNOR gate. For example, a 4-bit MISR has a 4-bit parallel output and a 4-bit parallel input.
This explains why "EQ" is often called "XNOR" in the combinational logic of circuit engineers, since it is the negation of the XOR operation; "NXOR" is a less commonly used alternative. [1] Another rationalization of the admittedly circuitous name "XNOR" is that one begins with the "both false" operator NOR and then adds the eXception "or both ...
An XNOR gate is made by considering the disjunctive normal form + ¯ ¯, noting from de Morgan's law that a NAND gate is an inverted-input OR gate. This construction entails a propagation delay three times that of a single NAND gate and uses five gates.
Logic gates can be made from quantum mechanical effects, see quantum logic gate. Photonic logic gates use nonlinear optical effects. In principle any method that leads to a gate that is functionally complete (for example, either a NOR or a NAND gate) can be used to make any kind of digital logic circuit. Note that the use of 3-state logic for ...
The Fredkin gate (also CSWAP or CS gate), named after Edward Fredkin, is a 3-bit gate that performs a controlled swap. It is universal for classical computation. It has the useful property that the numbers of 0s and 1s are conserved throughout, which in the billiard ball model means the same number of balls are output as input.
Examples of digital comparator include the CMOS 4063 and 4585 and the TTL 7485 and 74682. An XNOR gate is a basic comparator, because its output is "1" only if its two input bits are equal. The analog equivalent of digital comparator is the voltage comparator.
The second example shows that the exclusive inference vanishes away under downward entailing contexts. If disjunction were understood as exclusive in this example, it would leave open the possibility that some people ate both rice and beans. [4] 2. Mary is either a singer or a poet or both. 3. Nobody ate either rice or beans.