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Phosphorus is classified as a pnictogen, together with nitrogen, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, and moscovium. Phosphorus is an element essential to sustaining life largely through phosphates, compounds containing the phosphate ion, PO 4 3−. Phosphates are a component of DNA, RNA, ATP, and phospholipids, complex compounds fundamental to cells.
In chemistry, pyrophosphates are phosphorus oxyanions that contain two phosphorus atoms in a P−O−P linkage. A number of pyrophosphate salts exist, such as disodium pyrophosphate (Na 2 H 2 P 2 O 7) and tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na 4 P 2 O 7), among others. Often pyrophosphates are called diphosphates.
The phosphorus can be in the form of soluble inorganic phosphates or organic compounds containing phosphorus. In the living cell, energy is accumulated or expended using a complex range of biochemical processes which involve the transformation of adenosine triphosphate to adenosine diphosphate when energy is being expended and the reverse when ...
Phosphate minerals are minerals that contain the tetrahedrally coordinated phosphate (PO 3− 4) anion, sometimes with arsenate (AsO 3− 4) and vanadate (VO 3− 4) substitutions, along with chloride (Cl −), fluoride (F −), and hydroxide (OH −) anions, that also fit into the crystal structure.
Solid HP(O)(OH) 2 has tetrahedral geometry about the central phosphorus atom, with a P−H bond of 132 pm, one P=O double bond of 148 pm and two longer P−OH single bonds of 154 pm. In common with other phosphorus oxides with P−H bonds (e.g. hypophosphorous acid and dialkyl phosphites ), [ 2 ] it exists in equilibrium with an extremely minor ...
Phosphorus comprises 0.1% by mass of the average rock [11] (while, for perspective, its typical concentration in vegetation is 0.03% to 0.2%), [12] and consequently there are quadrillions of tons of phosphorus in Earth's 3×10 19-ton crust, [13] albeit at predominantly lower concentration than the deposits counted as reserves, which are ...
When a halide atom is found in the ester chain off of the phosphorus atom, isomerization to the corresponding Arbuzov product has been known without addition of an alkyl halide. The Perkow reaction is a competing reaction pathway for α-bromo- and α-chloroketones. Under the reaction conditions a mixture of the Perkow product and the normal ...
Please help by editing the article to make improvements to the overall structure. ( April 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) A pyrotechnic composition is a substance or mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas/smoke or a combination of these, as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining ...