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Global biodiversity is the measure of biodiversity on planet Earth and is defined as the total variability of life forms. More than 99 percent of all species [ 1 ] that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct .
Biodiversity is most commonly used to replace the more clearly-defined and long-established terms, species diversity and species richness. [13] However, there is no concrete definition for biodiversity, as its definition continues to be defined. Other definitions include (in chronological order):
Megadiversity means exhibiting great biodiversity. The main criterion for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems.
The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), known informally as the Biodiversity Convention, is a multilateral treaty.The Convention has three main goals: the conservation of biological diversity (or biodiversity); the sustainable use of its components; and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from genetic resources.
The World Wildlife Fund’s Living Planet Report 2022 found that wildlife populations declined by an average 69% since 1970. [1] [2] [3]The Living Planet Index (LPI) is an indicator of the state of global biological diversity, based on trends in vertebrate populations of species from around the world.
A shocking new report on global biodiversity is detailing what it calls "a catastrophic decline" in wildlife populations ahead of a major international conference on biodiversity.
An example of ecological diversity on a global scale would be the variation in ecosystems, such as deserts, forests, grasslands, wetlands and oceans. Ecological diversity is the largest scale of biodiversity, and within each ecosystem, there is a great deal of both species and genetic diversity. [1] [2] [3] [4]
World leaders are meeting in Paris this month in what amounts to a last-ditch effort to avert the worst ravages of climate change. Climatologists now say that the best case scenario — assuming immediate and dramatic emissions curbs — is that planetary surface temperatures will increase by at least 2 degrees Celsius in the coming decades.