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Financial sector development takes place when financial instruments, markets, and intermediaries work together to reduce the costs of information, enforcement and transactions. [2] A solid and well-functioning financial sector is a powerful engine behind economic growth.
The IMF and the World Bank supported stock market development not solely on the grounds of ideology but rather that the stock market is a natural outgrowth of a developing financial sector as long-term economic growth proceeds and also as a criticism of early development efforts through Development Finance Institutes (DFI). [5]
In the development of economic theory, the distribution of income was considered to be between labor and the owners of land and capital. [44] In recent decades there have been several Asian countries with high rates of economic growth driven by capital investment. [45] The work week declined considerably over the 19th century.
Daphne Greenwood and Richard Holt distinguish economic development from economic growth on the basis that economic development is a "broadly based and sustainable increase in the overall standard of living for individuals within a community", and measures of growth such as per capita income do not necessarily correlate with improvements in ...
The association between economic growth and financial deepening has been a wide-ranging subject of experiential research. The practical evidence suggests that there is a significant positive relationship between financial development and economic growth. [4] [5] Many economists support the theory that financial development spurs economic growth.
The Rostovian take-off model (also called "Rostow's Stages of Growth") is one of the major historical models of economic growth.It was developed by W. W. Rostow.The model postulates that economic modernization occurs in five basic stages, of varying length.
This theory modifies Marx's stages theory of development and focuses on the accelerated accumulation of capital, through the utilization of both domestic and international savings as a means of spurring investment, as the primary means of promoting economic growth and, thus, development. [5]
After the 2007–2008 financial crisis, a further development: [60] as outlined, (over the counter) derivative pricing had relied on the BSM risk neutral pricing framework, under the assumptions of funding at the risk free rate and the ability to perfectly replicate cashflows so as to fully hedge. This, in turn, is built on the assumption of a ...