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Chain mail (also known as chain-mail, mail or maille) [1] is a type of armour consisting of small metal rings linked together in a pattern to form a mesh. It was in common military use between the 3rd century BC and the 16th century AD in Europe, while it continued to be used in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East as late as the 17th century.
Mail and plate armour (plated mail, plated chainmail, splinted mail/chainmail) is a type of mail with embedded plates. Armour of this type has been used in the Middle East , North Africa , Ottoman Empire , Japan , China , Korea , Vietnam , Central Asia , Greater Iran , India , Eastern Europe , and Nusantara .
A mail coif is a type of armour which covered the head. A mail coif is a flexible hood of chain mail that extended to cover the throat, neck, and the top part of the shoulders. They were popular with European fighting men of the Middle Ages.
Late medieval gothic plate armour with list of elements. The slot in the helmet is called an occularium. This list identifies various pieces of body armour worn from the medieval to early modern period in the Western world, mostly plate but some mail armour, arranged by the part of body that is protected and roughly by date.
Augustan period statue of a Gaulish soldier wearing a Roman lorica hamata. Modern historians believe that mail armor was invented by the Celts. [3] [4] With the idea for this form of mail possibly coming to Rome during conflicts with the Celts in the 3rd century BC, [5] [2] lorica hamata was used by both legionary and auxilia troops. [2]
Group of Indian Armour. During 12th century chainmail armour is first introduced in the Indian subcontinent and used by Turkic armies. A reference of chainmail armour was found in the inscription of Mularaja II and also at the Battle of Delhi [5] where it was used by the armoured war elephants.
In Old English, mail armour was referred to as byrne or hlenca. [98] It is frequently referred to in late Anglo-Saxon literature, but few examples have been found archaeologically. [99] The only known complete Anglo-Saxon mailcoat was discovered in the cemetery at Sutton Hoo in Suffolk, but it is severely damaged by corrosion. [100]
Kusari gusoku Chain armour, armour made entirely of or the majority of the armour being made from kusari (chain mail) sewn to cloth. [34] Kigote, a general term for several varieties of kote extended or completed by the addition of erisuwari (padded collar), kara-ate (shoulder pads) and wakibiki (armpit protectors).