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In knot theory, the writhe is a property of an oriented link diagram. The writhe is the total number of positive crossings minus the total number of negative crossings. A direction is assigned to the link at a point in each component and this direction is followed all the way around each component. For each crossing one comes across while traveling in this direction, if the strand un
For example, in Tyneside and Northumberland, Cuddy is a nickname for St. Cuthbert, while in Alnwick Pitmatic, a cuddy is a pit pony. [3] According to the British Library 's lead curator of spoken English, writing in 2019, "Locals insist there are significant differences between Geordie and several other local dialects, such as Pitmatic and Mackem.
The above example illustrates that twist and writhe are interconvertible. Supercoiling can be represented mathematically by the sum of twist and writhe. The twist is the number of helical turns in the DNA and the writhe is the number of times the double helix crosses over on itself (these are the supercoils).
Athetosis is a symptom primarily caused by the marbling, or degeneration of the basal ganglia. [citation needed] This degeneration is most commonly caused by complications at birth or by Huntington's disease, in addition to rare cases in which the damage may also arise later in life due to stroke or trauma.
The definition of the polynomial given above is designed to nullify this change, since the writhe changes appropriately by + or under type I moves. Now make the substitution A = t − 1 / 4 {\displaystyle A=t^{-1/4}} in X ( L ) {\displaystyle X(L)} to get the Jones polynomial V ( L ) {\displaystyle V(L)} .
The (p,−q) torus knot is the obverse (mirror image) of the (p,q) torus knot. [5] The (−p,−q) torus knot is equivalent to the (p,q) torus knot except for the reversed orientation. The (3, 4) torus knot on the unwrapped torus surface, and its braid word. Any (p,q)-torus knot can be made from a closed braid with p strands.
Luck. Fate. Blessing. A glitch in the matrix. Or, if you’re more skeptical, just a coincidence.. It’s a phenomenon that, from a statistical perspective, is random and meaningless.
However, this added condition does not change the definition of linking number (it does not matter if the curves are required to always be immersions or not), which is an example of an h-principle (homotopy-principle), meaning that geometry reduces to topology.