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The V-model is a graphical representation of a systems development lifecycle.It is used to produce rigorous development lifecycle models and project management models. The V-model falls into three broad categories, the German V-Modell, a general testing model, and the US government standard.
The V-Model reflects a project management view of software development and fits the needs of project managers, accountants and lawyers rather than software developers or users. Although it is easily understood by novices, that early understanding is useful only if the novice goes on to acquire a deeper understanding of the development process ...
Verification is intended to check that a product, service, or system meets a set of design specifications. [6] [7] In the development phase, verification procedures involve performing special tests to model or simulate a portion, or the entirety, of a product, service, or system, then performing a review or analysis of the modeling results.
By the end of the 1970s IV&V was rapidly becoming popular. The constant increase in complexity, size and importance of the software led to an increasing demand on IV&V applied to software. Meanwhile, IV&V (and ISVV for software systems) consolidated and is now widely used by organizations such as the DoD, FAA, [8] NASA [7] and ESA. [9]
Model validation is defined to mean "substantiation that a computerized model within its domain of applicability possesses a satisfactory range of accuracy consistent with the intended application of the model". [3] A model should be built for a specific purpose or set of objectives and its validity determined for that purpose. [3]
The V series was initially created as part of the 2000s Cadillac rebranding and the new 'Art & Science' design language to compete directly with German rivals such as BMW M and Mercedes-AMG. The first-ever V series model was the 2004 Cadillac CTS-V which became a successful seller and steered Cadillac in the new direction for the following decade.
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The difference between the models is largely to the degrees of freedom and the general layout of the target. The first four of these models were considered in Swerling's original paper, and are referred to as models I through IV. The V model, also referred to as the 0 model, is the degenerate case with an infinite number of degrees of freedom.