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On 16 March, Hitler went to the Czech lands and from Prague Castle proclaimed the German protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The British historian Victor Rothwell wrote that the Czechoslovak reserves of gold and hard currency seized in March 1939 were "invaluable in staving off Germany's foreign exchange crisis". [21]
In 1940, Hitler agreed that around half of the Czech population were suitable for Germanization, including the kidnapping of thousands of Czech children to be brought up as Germans, while the others deemed not "racially valuable" (i.e. "Untermensch") and the Czech intelligentsia were not to be Germanized and were instead to be “deprived of ...
Poland acquired the town of Těšín with the surrounding area—some 906 km 2 (350 sq mi), some 250,000 inhabitants, mostly Poles—and two minor border areas in northern Slovakia, more precisely in the regions Spiš and Orava – 226 km 2 (87 sq mi), 4,280 inhabitants, only 0.3 percent Poles. The Czechoslovak government had problems in taking ...
The Munich Agreement [a] was an agreement reached in Munich on 30 September 1938, by Nazi Germany, the United Kingdom, the French Republic, and Fascist Italy.The agreement provided for the German annexation of part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland, where more than three million people, mainly ethnic Germans, lived. [1]
Czechoslovakia [2] (/ ˌ tʃ ɛ k oʊ s l oʊ ˈ v æ k i. ə, ˈ tʃ ɛ k ə-,-s l ə-,-ˈ v ɑː-/ ⓘ CHEK-oh-sloh-VAK-ee-ə, CHEK-ə-, -slə-, - VAH-; [3] [4] Czech and Slovak: Československo, Česko-Slovensko) [5] [6] was a landlocked country in Central Europe, [7] created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary.
During World War II, Hitler decided that Neurath was not treating the Czechs harshly enough and adopted a more radical policy in the protectorate. On 29 September 1941, Hitler appointed SS hardliner Reinhard Heydrich as Deputy Reichsprotektor (Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor). At the same time, he relieved Neurath of his day-to-day duties.
The two successor states continued to use the country code +42 until February 1997, [43] when it was replaced by two separate codes: +420 for the Czech Republic [44] and +421 for Slovakia. [45] Since then, telephone calls between both countries have required international dialing. [46]
The First Czechoslovak Republic emerged from the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in October 1918. The new state consisted mostly of territories inhabited by Czechs and Slovaks, but also included areas containing majority populations of other nationalities, particularly Germans (22.95 %), who accounted for more citizens than the state's second state nation of the Slovaks, [1] Hungarians ...