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Selective perception may refer to any number of cognitive biases in psychology related to the way expectations affect perception.Human judgment and decision making is distorted by an array of cognitive, perceptual and motivational biases, and people tend not to recognise their own bias, though they tend to easily recognise (and even overestimate) the operation of bias in human judgment by ...
Reinforcement theory predicts that people with already developed opinions will selectively attend to and cognitively incorporate information that supports their own views. Reinforcement theory has three primary mechanisms behind it: selective exposure, selective perception, and selective retention.
Predispositions and the related processes of selective exposure, selective perception, and selective retention. The groups, and the norms of groups, to which the audience members belong. Interpersonal dissemination of the content of communication; The exercise of opinion leadership; The nature of mass media in a free enterprise society.
Black swan theory – Theory of response to surprise events; Chronostasis – Distortion in the perception of time; Cognitive distortion – Exaggerated or irrational thought pattern; Defence mechanism – Unconscious psychological mechanism; Dysrationalia – Inability to think and behave rationally despite adequate intelligence
However, numerous studies have documented the hostile media effect even when selective recall is positive rather than negative. [9] [11] [15] Selective perception refers to the process by which individuals perceive what they want to in media messages while ignoring opposing viewpoints. In instances of the hostile media effect, partisans have a ...
This selective attention allows individuals to prioritize and respond effectively to important or meaningful stimuli in their surroundings. [ 4 ] Researchers in psychology and cognitive science study perceptual vigilance to understand how attentional mechanisms operate and how they can be influenced by internal and external factors.
Additional research proposes the notion of a moveable filter. The multimode theory of attention combines physical and semantic inputs into one theory. Within this model, attention is assumed to be flexible, allowing different depths of perceptual analysis. [28] Which feature gathers awareness is dependent upon the person's needs at the time. [3]
Attentional bias refers to how a person's perception is affected by selective factors in their attention. [1] Attentional biases may explain an individual's failure to consider alternative possibilities when occupied with an existing train of thought. [2]