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From south to north the Himalaya (Himalaya orogen) is divided into 4 parallel tectonostratigraphic zones and 5 thrust faults which extend across the length of Himalaya orogen. Each zone, flanked by the thrust faults on its north and south, has stratigraphy (type of rocks and their layering) different from the adjacent zones.
the Greater Himalayan Crystalline complex, which is mainly composed by high-grade gneiss and migmatite, fringed below by the Main Central Thrust and the South Tibetan Detachment; and; the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence, mainly composed by Proterozoic to Eocene sediments, deformed in a Paleogene fold-thrust belt, fringed below by the South Tibetan ...
Three kinematic models of the Himalayan orogen. Modified after Webb et al. (2011). The channel flow model discussed in the text is illustrated in the middle. As mentioned above, a lot has been done on examining how the uplift of the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau has triggered the onset of the South Asian monsoon.
The geology of Himachal Pradesh is dominated by Precambrian rocks that were assembled and deformed during the India-Asia collision and the subsequent Himalayan orogeny. The Northern Indian State Himachal Pradesh is located in the Western Himalaya (Fig. 1).
The Alpide belt or Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt, [1] or more recently and rarely the Tethyan orogenic belt, is a seismic and orogenic belt that includes an array of mountain ranges extending for more than 15,000 kilometres (9,300 mi) along the southern margin of Eurasia, stretching from Java and Sumatra, through the Indochinese Peninsula, the Himalayas and Transhimalayas, the mountains of ...
Persia–Tibet–Burma orogeny .55 Asia Himalayan orogeny.29 .16 Asia Saamian orogeny: 3.1 2.9 Europe Lopian orogeny: 2.9 2.6 Europe Svecofennian orogeny: 2.0 1.75 Europe Gothian orogeny: 1.75 1.5 Europe Sveconorwegian orogeny: 1.14 .96 Europe Timanide orogeny.62 .55 Europe Cadomian orogeny.66 .54 Europe Caledonian orogeny.49 .39 Europe ...
This orogeny, which is continuing today, is related to closure of the Tethys Ocean. The closure of this ocean which created the Alps in Europe, and the Caucasus range in western Asia, created the Himalaya Mountains and the Tibetan Plateau in South Asia. The current orogenic event is causing parts of the Asian continent to deform westward and ...
The Himalaya's foothills or sub-Himalaya are Miocene to Pleistocene sediments that have eroded off the mountain range during its uplift. These sedimentary rocks have been highly deformed by the continued uplift of the Himalaya. The upper Proterozoic to lower Cambrian Lesser Himalaya sedimentary rocks represent the Himalaya's main range front ...