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Free oleic acid occurs in oils and fats as a product of the breakdown of triglycerides. Olive oil exceeding 2% free oleic acid is graded unfit for human consumption. See Fatty acid § Free fatty acids. [7] Oleic acid is the most abundant fatty acid in human adipose tissue, [14] and second in abundance in human tissues overall, following ...
For determining the acid value of mineral oils and biodiesel, there are standard methods such as ASTM D 974 and DIN 51558, and especially for biodiesel the European Standard EN 14104 and ASTM D664 are both widely used worldwide. [2] Acid value of biodiesel should be lower than 0.50 mg KOH/g in both EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standard fuels.
It is usually expressed as a percentage of oleic acid (the main fatty acid present in olive oil) in the oil. As defined by the European Commission regulation No. 2568/91 and subsequent amendments, [ 1 ] the highest quality olive oil (extra-virgin olive oil) must feature a free acidity lower than 0.8%.
This procedure is illustrated in an ICE table which can also be used to calculate the pH when some additional (strong) acid or alkaline has been added to the system, that is, when C A ≠ C H. For example, what is the pH of a 0.01 M solution of benzoic acid, pK a = 4.19? Step 1: = =
The pH can be calculated using an ICE table. Note that in this example, we are assuming that the acid is not very weak, and that the concentration is not very dilute, so that the concentration of [OH −] ions can be neglected. This is equivalent to the assumption that the final pH will be below about 6 or so. See pH calculations for more details.
The nutritional values are expressed as percent (%) by mass of total fat. Type Processing treatment [3] Saturated fatty acids Monounsaturated fatty acids Polyunsaturated fatty acids Smoke point; Total [1] Oleic acid (ω−9) Total [1] α-Linolenic acid (ω−3) Linoleic acid (ω−6) ω−6:3 ratio; Avocado [4] 11.6: 70.6: 52–66 [5] 13.5: 1: ...
In chemistry and biochemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation = + ([] []) relates the pH of a chemical solution of a weak acid to the numerical value of the acid dissociation constant, K a, of acid and the ratio of the concentrations, [] [] of the acid and its conjugate base in an equilibrium.
Nitric acid, with a pK value of around −1.7, behaves as a strong acid in aqueous solutions with a pH greater than 1. [23] At lower pH values it behaves as a weak acid. pK a values for strong acids have been estimated by theoretical means. [24] For example, the pK a value of aqueous HCl has been estimated as −9.3.