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Iodine-131 (131 I) is the most common RNT worldwide and uses the simple compound sodium iodide with a radioactive isotope of iodine. The patient (human or animal) may ingest an oral solid or liquid amount or receive an intravenous injection of a solution of the compound. The iodide ion is selectively taken up by the thyroid gland.
Iodine-131 (131 I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley. [3] It has a radioactive decay half-life of about eight days. It is associated with nuclear energy, medical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and natural gas production.
One protocol is to discontinue levothyroxine, then prescribe liothyronine while the T 4 levels are falling, and finally stop the liothyronine two weeks before the radioactive iodine treatment. [ 5 ] Liothyronine may also be used for myxedema coma because of its quicker onset of action when compared to levothyroxine. [ 6 ]
Product labeling for diagnostic 131 I iobenguane recommends giving potassium iodide one day before injection and continuing 5 to 7 days following. [ 19 ] 131 I iobenguane used for therapeutic purposes requires a different pre-medication duration, beginning 24–48 hours before iobenguane injection and continuing 10–15 days after injection.
The patient swallows a radioisotope of iodine in the form of capsule or fluid, and the absorption (uptake) of this radiotracer by the thyroid is studied after 4–6 hours and after 24 hours with the aid of a scintillation counter. The dose is typically 0.15–0.37 MBq (4–10 μCi) of 131 I iodide, or 3.7–7.4 MBq (100–200 μCi) of 123 I ...
Iodine-124 can be made by numerous nuclear reactions via a cyclotron. The most common starting material used is 124 Te. Iodine-124 as the iodide salt can be used to directly image the thyroid using positron emission tomography (PET). [9] Iodine-124 can also be used as a PET radiotracer with a usefully longer half-life compared with fluorine-18 ...
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Iodized oil, also known as ethiodized oil, brand name Lipiodol, is a medication derived from poppyseed oil and iodine.When given by injection, it is a radio-opaque contrast agent that is used to outline structures in radiological investigations.