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"Prostate cancer is completely curable when detected early, while the cancer is still localized to the prostate and has not spread to the lymph nodes or the bone," Dr. Narayanan says.
Prostate cancer is the second-most frequently diagnosed cancer in men, and the second-most frequent cause of cancer death in men (after lung cancer). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Around 1.2 million new cases of prostate cancer are diagnosed each year, and over 350,000 people die of the disease, annually. [ 2 ]
The propensity for a metastatic cell to spread to a particular organ is termed 'organotropism'. For example, prostate cancer usually metastasizes to the bones. In a similar manner, colon cancer has a tendency to metastasize to the liver. Stomach cancer often metastasises to the ovary in women, when it is called a Krukenberg tumor. [citation needed]
Because of their location and lack of valves, they are believed to provide a route for the spread of cancer metastases. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] These metastases commonly arise from cancer of the pelvic organs such as the rectum [ 5 ] and prostate [ 6 ] and may spread to the vertebral column or brain.
Invasion of bone by cancer is the most common source of cancer pain. About 70 percent of breast and prostate cancer patients, and 40 percent of those with lung, kidney and thyroid cancers develop bone metastases. It is commonly felt as tenderness, with constant background pain and instances of spontaneous or movement-related exacerbation, and ...
If the cancer has spread beyond the prostate, treatment options change significantly, so most doctors who treat prostate cancer use a variety of nomograms to predict the probability of spread. Treatment by watchful waiting/active surveillance, HIFU, external-beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy, cryosurgery, and surgery are, in general ...
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