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Jamaica is the third-largest island in the Caribbean, lying south of Cuba and west of Hispaniola. The Jamaican moist forests ecoregion covers an area of 8,192 km 2, and covers 85% of the island of Jamaica. It includes the Blue Mountains and John Crow Mountains in eastern Jamaica, and Cockpit Country further to the west. [1]
The Jamaican dry forests are dominated by plants in the Rubiaceae, the Euphorbiaceae and the Myrtaceae. In this regard they are similar to Puerto Rican dry forests , but differ sharply from dry forests on the mainland of South and Central America which are dominated by the Fabaceae and the Bignoniaceae . [ 5 ]
The Cockpit Country is Jamaica's largest remaining contiguous rainforest. Cockpit Country Forest Reserve was designated in 1950, and covers an area of 221.75 km 2 . [ 9 ] In 1979 an unpublished paper proposed preserving the area as a National Park. [ 10 ]
At its greatest extent, Jamaica is 235 km (146 mi) long, and its width varies between 34 and 84 km (21 and 52 mi). [1] Jamaica has a small area of 10,992 km 2 (4,244 sq mi). [1] However, Jamaica is the largest island of the Commonwealth Caribbean and the third largest of the Greater Antilles, after Cuba and Hispaniola. [1]
Prior to European settlement, the Caribbean was dominated by forested ecosystems. The insular Caribbean has been considered a biodiversity hotspot. [1] Although species diversity is lower than on mainland systems, endemism is high. Species diversity is highest and endemism is lowest in Trinidad, which has a predominantly continental flora.
The location of Jamaica An enlargeable map of Jamaica. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Jamaica: Jamaica – sovereign island nation located on the Island of Jamaica of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean Sea. [1] It is 234 kilometres (145 mi) long and 80 kilometres (50 mi) at its widest.
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During the Late Miocene, the northeastern margin of the Caribbean Plate began to collide with the Bahamas Platform.This caused the formation of a two new strike-slip fault zones between the island of Hispaniola and the Mid-Cayman Spreading Center west of Jamaica, the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault zone and the Walton fault zone. [2]