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return a reference from a method arraylength be 1011 1110 arrayref → length get the length of an array astore 3a 0011 1010 1: index objectref → store a reference into a local variable #index: astore_0 4b 0100 1011 objectref → store a reference into local variable 0 astore_1 4c 0100 1100 objectref → store a reference into local variable 1
Many languages have explicit pointers or references. Reference types differ from these in that the entities they refer to are always accessed via references; for example, whereas in C++ it's possible to have either a std:: string and a std:: string *, where the former is a mutable string and the latter is an explicit pointer to a mutable string (unless it's a null pointer), in Java it is only ...
The last argument of the method may be declared as a variable arity parameter, in which case the method becomes a variable arity method (as opposed to fixed arity methods) or simply varargs method. This allows one to pass a variable number of values, of the declared type, to the method as parameters - including no parameters.
All types that have both primitive and object version in Java, are automatically implemented by the C# compiler as either primitive (value) types or object (reference) types. In both languages, automatic boxing does not downcast automatically, i.e. the following code won't compile:
Objects are never created implicitly but instead are always passed or assigned by a reference variable. (Methods in Java are always pass by value, however, it is the value of the reference variable that is being passed.) [11] The Java Virtual Machine manages garbage collection so that objects are cleaned up after they are no longer reachable ...
In Java, the signature of a method or a class contains its name and the types of its method arguments and return value, where applicable. The format of signatures is documented, as the language, compiler, and .class file format were all designed together (and had object-orientation and universal interoperability in mind from the start).
And in the disassembled bytecode, it takes the form of Lsome / package / Main / main:([Ljava / lang / String;) V. The method signature for the main() method contains three modifiers: public indicates that the main method can be called by any object. static indicates that the main method is a class method. void indicates that the main method has ...
For object values, the reference cannot change. This allows the Java compiler to "capture" the value of the variable at run-time and store a copy as a field in the inner class. Once the outer method has terminated and its stack frame has been removed, the original variable is gone but the inner class's private copy persists in the class's own ...