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In music theory, a tetrachord (Greek: τετράχορδoν; Latin: tetrachordum) is a series of four notes separated by three intervals.In traditional music theory, a tetrachord always spanned the interval of a perfect fourth, a 4:3 frequency proportion (approx. 498 cents)—but in modern use it means any four-note segment of a scale or tone row, not necessarily related to a particular tuning ...
The elaboration of tetrachords was also accompanied by penta- and hexachords. The joining of a tetrachord and a pentachord yields an octachord, i.e. the complete seven-tone scale plus a higher octave of the base note. However, this was also produced by joining two tetrachords, which were linked by means of an intermediary or shared note.
[g] A diatonic tetrachord comprised, in descending order, two whole tones and a semitone, such as A G F E (roughly). In the chromatic tetrachord the second string of the lyre was lowered from G to G ♭, so that the two lower intervals in the tetrachord were semitones, making the pitches A G ♭ F E.
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Sometimes the terms trichord, tetrachord, pentachord, and hexachord are used—though these more usually refer to the pitch classes of any scale, not generally played simultaneously. Chords that may contain more than three notes include pedal point chords, dominant seventh chords, extended chords, added tone chords, clusters , and polychords.
Tetrachord Note order Step to next note (Number of steps) Note name starting from Dügâh [1] Hicaz pentachord Hicaz tetrachord 1 S (5) Dügâh 2 A (12) Dik Kürdî 3
Pyknon (from Greek: πυκνόν), sometimes also transliterated as pycnon (from Greek: πυκνός close, close-packed, crowded, condensed; Latin: spissus) in the music theory of Antiquity is a structural property of any tetrachord in which a composite of two smaller intervals is less than the remaining (incomposite) interval.
For instance, the tetrachord IPF 242 clearly relates to the eighth hour, IPF 2-4 (set-class 3-8 in pc-set theory). It can therefore be labelled as VIII 4 — the 4 relating to its cardinality, a tetrachord. Note that some IPFs cannot be labelled as hour-groups if the distribution of intervals is ambiguous: e.g. for IPF 2232, it is unclear as to ...