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  2. Opsonin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opsonin

    All cell membranes have negative charges (zeta potential) which makes it difficult for two cells to come close together. When opsonins bind to their targets they boost the kinetics of phagocytosis by favoring interaction between the opsonin and cell surface receptors on immune cells. [6] This overrides the negative charges from cell membranes.

  3. Antibody opsonization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody_opsonization

    During this process, the pathogen is opsonized and bound with the antibody IgG via its Fab domain. Cells with cyotoxic function (e.g. NK cells) expresses Fcγ receptors which recognize and bind to the reciprocal Fc portion of an antibody. This receptor conjugation triggers degranulation and release of cytotoxic granules containing perforin and ...

  4. Acute-phase protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute-phase_protein

    Positive acute-phase proteins serve (as part of the innate immune system) different physiological functions within the immune system.Some act to destroy or inhibit growth of microbes, e.g., C-reactive protein, mannose-binding protein, [3] complement factors, ferritin, ceruloplasmin, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin.

  5. Classical complement pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_complement_pathway

    This process involves creating synthetic peptides that target conserved regions in HIV specific proteins and induce an antibody specific immune response through IgG antibodies. This is important for targeting the virus in its intracellular phase because the antibodies specific to the synthetic peptides can trigger the classical complement ...

  6. Immunoglobulin G - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G

    The water-accessible surface area of an IgG antibody. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. [1] IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.

  7. Complement system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system

    Scheme of the complement system. The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane. [1]

  8. What do people regret the most when they retire? [Video] - AOL

    www.aol.com/finance/people-regret-most-retire...

    In general, retirees are happy, have close relationships with family and friends, are enjoying life, have a positive view of aging, have a strong sense of purpose, and have an active social life.

  9. Hook effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hook_effect

    Since the antibodies do not bridge between antigens, no agglutination occurs. Because no agglutination occurs, the test is interpreted as negative. In this case, the result is a false negative. The range of relatively high antibody concentrations within which no reaction occurs is called the prozone. [5]

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