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A laboratory route to 2- and 4-chlorotoluene proceeds from 2- and 4-toluidines (i.e. 2- and 4-aminotoluene). These compounds are diazotized followed by treatment with cuprous chloride. [1] Industrially, the diazonium method is reserved for 3-chlorotoluene. The industrial route to 2- and 4-chlorotoluene entails direct reaction of toluene with ...
All three have been synthesized by various routes: 1-Bromo-2-chlorobenzene: from 2-chloroaniline, via diazotization followed by a Sandmeyer reaction [1]; 1-Bromo-3-chlorobenzene: by (3-chlorophenyl)trimethylgermanium by electrophilic substitution [2] [better source needed]
Benzyl chloride is prepared industrially by the gas-phase photochemical reaction of toluene with chlorine: [3] C 6 H 5 CH 3 + Cl 2 → C 6 H 5 CH 2 Cl + HCl. In this way, approximately 100,000 tonnes are produced annually. The reaction proceeds by the free radical process, involving the intermediacy of free chlorine atoms. [4]
Structure Systematic name: 1-bromo-2-methylbenzene 1-bromo-3-methylbenzene 1-bromo-4-methylbenzene Molecular formula: C 7 H 7 Br (C 6 H 4 BrCH 3) Molar mass: 171.03 g/mol Appearance colorless liquid colorless liquid white crystalline solid CAS number [95-46-5] [591-17-3] [106-38-7] Properties Density and phase: 1.431 g/ml, liquid 1.4099 g/ml ...
Structure and properties Index of refraction, n D: 1.5241 Abbe number? Dielectric constant, ε r: 5.6895 at 293.2 K Bond strength? Bond length? Bond angle? Magnetic susceptibility, χ m: 69.5 x10 −6 cm 3 mol −1: Surface tension, 34.78 dyn/cm at 10°C 32.99 dyn/cm at 25°C 30.02 dyn/cm at 50°C 27.04 dyn/cm at 75°C 24.06 dyn/cm at 100°C
Chloromethyl methyl ether (CMME) is a compound with formula CH 3 OCH 2 Cl. A colorless liquid, it is a chloroalkyl ether.It is used as an alkylating agent.In organic synthesis, it is used for introducing the methoxymethyl ether (MOM) protecting group, [3] and is thus often called MOM-Cl or MOM chloride.
Benzyl bromide is an organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 Br. The molecule consists of a benzene ring substituted with a bromomethyl group. It is a colorless liquid with lachrymatory properties.
The melting point ranges from −47.87 °C (−54.17 °F) (m-xylene) to 13.26 °C (55.87 °F) (p-xylene)—as usual, the para isomer's melting point is much higher because it packs more readily in the crystal structure. The boiling point for each isomer is around 140 °C (284 °F).