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Although a number of surrogate biomarkers exist for measuring the metabolic products of bone resorption, the serum CTX marker was chosen because it is both highly correlated to bone turnover rate and already available for detection in a laboratory test carried out by a major lab testing corporation.
To determine an individual's rate of bone turnover, numerous biomarkers are available in the body fluids that can be correlated to this rate, and one such biomarker is NTX. [ 1 ] However, while NTX does fluctuate in a very sensitive manner in line with bone resorption patterns, they are not very specific , in that they may vary spontaneously ...
Patients whom are diagnosed with multiple myeloma have approximately 80-100% chance of developing bone complications due to an increase in activity and/or formation of osteoclasts and a decrease activity of osteoblasts. [20] [21] In a stage II clinical trial, denosumab decreased bone turnover markers by blocking the RANKL/RANK pathway. [21]
Bone tissue is removed by osteoclasts, and then new bone tissue is formed by osteoblasts. Both processes utilize cytokine (TGF-β, IGF) signalling.In osteology, bone remodeling or bone metabolism is a lifelong process where mature bone tissue is removed from the skeleton (a process called bone resorption) and new bone tissue is formed (a process called ossification or new bone formation).
Bone tissue is a dynamic system with active metabolism. [24] Bone tissue remodelling or bone remodeling is a successive chain of old bone matrix removal and its replacement with a new one. [25] These processes make a child’s skeleton grow and extend, while childhood is characterized by bone tissue growth rather than its resorption.
12845 Ensembl ENSG00000105664 ENSMUSG00000031849 UniProt P49747 Q9R0G6 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000095 NM_016685 RefSeq (protein) NP_000086 NP_057894 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 18.78 – 18.79 Mb Chr 8: 70.83 – 70.83 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), also known as thrombospondin-5, is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein primarily ...
Osteocalcin, also known as bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGLAP), is a small (49-amino-acid [5]) noncollagenous protein hormone found in bone and dentin, first identified as a calcium-binding protein. [6] Because osteocalcin has gla domains, its synthesis is vitamin K-dependent. In humans, osteocalcin is encoded by the ...
Bone biopsy is considered the gold standard to quantify bone turnover; however, it is invasive, complex and costly to perform and subject to significant measurement errors. [ 1 ] Measurements of serum or urine biomarkers of bone turnover are simple, cheap, quick, and non-invasive in measuring changes in bone metabolism, but only provide ...