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Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men (French: Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes), also commonly known as the "Second Discourse", is a 1755 treatise by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, on the topic of social inequality and its origins.
The essay was mentioned in Rousseau's 1762 book, Emile, or On Education. In this text, Rousseau lays out a narrative of the beginnings of language, using a similar literary form as the Second Discourse. Rousseau writes that language (as well as the human race) developed in southern warm climates and then migrated northwards to colder climates.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (UK: / ˈ r uː s oʊ /, US: / r uː ˈ s oʊ /; [1] [2] French: [ʒɑ̃ʒak ʁuso]; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher (), writer, and composer.. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Age of Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational ...
The Reveries of the Solitary Walker (as it appears in Rousseau's original manuscript) has been described as the most beautiful book composed by Rousseau, comprising a series of exquisitely crafted essays. [1] [2] It has been argued that each of the ten walks in Rousseau's book has a unique musical tonality combined with internal variations. [2 ...
[2]: 79 Rousseau, who objected to extreme wealth inequality, also argued that equality is essential for the attainment of liberty, and concluded that legislation ought to preserve equality. [3] [2]: 80 Rousseau argues that the sovereign power must be separate from the government, which in Rousseau's terminology refers to the executive power ...
Rousseau opposed marriage without love (i.e., marriage for financial reasons, order, lust, or convenience). In Rousseau's opinion, true love for the nurturing, feminine mother, instead of lustful love for a mistress, goes hand in hand with patriotism and civic harmony. The legislator's task is to make sure a society's women maintain order. [1]
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These responses provide clarification for Rousseau's argument in the First Discourse, and begin to develop a theme he further advances in the Discourse on Inequality – that misuse of the arts and sciences is one case of a larger theme, that man, by nature good, is corrupted by civilization. Inequality, luxury, and the political life are ...