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In differential geometry, a Riemannian manifold is a geometric space on which many geometric notions such as distance, angles, length, volume, and curvature are defined. Euclidean space , the n {\displaystyle n} -sphere , hyperbolic space , and smooth surfaces in three-dimensional space, such as ellipsoids and paraboloids , are all examples of ...
Riemannian geometry is the branch of differential geometry that studies Riemannian manifolds, defined as smooth manifolds with a Riemannian metric (an inner product on the tangent space at each point that varies smoothly from point to point). This gives, in particular, local notions of angle, length of curves, surface area and volume.
Spivak, Michael (1999) A Comprehensive Introduction to Differential Geometry (3rd edition) Publish or Perish Inc. Encyclopedic five-volume series presenting a systematic treatment of the theory of manifolds, Riemannian geometry, classical differential geometry, and numerous other topics at the first- and second-year graduate levels.
Let be a smooth manifold and let be a one-parameter family of Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian metrics. Suppose that it is a differentiable family in the sense that for any smooth coordinate chart, the derivatives v i j = ∂ ∂ t ( ( g t ) i j ) {\displaystyle v_{ij}={\frac {\partial }{\partial t}}{\big (}(g_{t})_{ij}{\big )}} exist and are ...
In mathematics, the Riemannian connection on a surface or Riemannian 2-manifold refers to several intrinsic geometric structures discovered by Tullio Levi-Civita, Élie Cartan and Hermann Weyl in the early part of the twentieth century: parallel transport, covariant derivative and connection form.
Here is a short list of global results concerning manifolds with positive Ricci curvature; see also classical theorems of Riemannian geometry. Briefly, positive Ricci curvature of a Riemannian manifold has strong topological consequences, while (for dimension at least 3), negative Ricci curvature has no topological
Sub-Riemannian manifolds often occur in the study of constrained systems in classical mechanics, such as the motion of vehicles on a surface, the motion of robot arms, and the orbital dynamics of satellites. Geometric quantities such as the Berry phase may be understood in the language of
Let (,) be a complete and smooth Riemannian manifold of dimension n. If k is a positive number with Ric g ≥ ( n -1) k , and if there exists p and q in M with d g ( p , q ) = π / √ k , then ( M , g ) is simply-connected and has constant sectional curvature k .