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The base of skull, also known as the cranial base or the cranial floor, is the most inferior area of the skull. It is composed of the endocranium and the lower parts of the calvaria . Structure
The clivus (/ ˈ k l aɪ v ə s /, [1] Latin for "slope") or Blumenbach clivus is a part of the occipital bone at the base of the skull. [2] It is a shallow depression behind the dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone. It slopes gradually to the anterior part of the basilar occipital bone at its junction with the sphenoid bone. It extends to the ...
Superior view of the skull base. Middle cranial fossa shown in green. 1: Sphenoidal limbus (anterior margin of the chiasmatic groove) 2: Posterior borders of the lesser wings of the sphenoid 3: Dorsum sellae of the sphenoid bone. 4: Superior borders of the petrous part of the temporal bone
The facial skeleton comprises the facial bones that may attach to build a portion of the skull. [1] The remainder of the skull is the neurocranium.. In human anatomy and development, the facial skeleton is sometimes called the membranous viscerocranium, which comprises the mandible and dermatocranial elements that are not part of the braincase.
Anatomy figure: 27:02-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Schematic view of key landmarks of the infratemporal fossa." "Anatomy diagram: 34257.000-1". Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator. Elsevier. Archived from the original on 2013-02-12.
At the base of the skull in the occipital bone, there is a large oval opening called the foramen magnum, which allows the passage of the spinal cord. Like the other cranial bones, it is classed as a flat bone. Due to its many attachments and features, the occipital bone is described in terms of separate parts.
Inner surface of the base of skull, showing cranial foramina. The foramen is situated just anterior to the sphenopetrosal suture. [1]: 509 It is located posterolateral to the foramen ovale, and anterior to the sphenoidal spine. [2] A groove for the middle meningeal artery and vein extends anterolaterally from the foramen. [1]: 509
The head rests on the top part of the vertebral column, with the skull joining at C1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the top part of the axial skeleton and is made up of the skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into: