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The history of Australia from 1788 to 1850 covers the early British colonial period of Australia's history. This started with the arrival in 1788 of the First Fleet of British ships at Port Jackson on the lands of the Eora, and the establishment of the penal colony of New South Wales as part of the British Empire.
The Province of South Australia was established in 1836 as a privately financed settlement based on the theory of "systematic colonisation" developed by Edward Gibbon Wakefield. Convict labour was banned in the hope of making the colony more attractive to "respectable" families and promote an even balance between male and female settlers.
The portion of New South Wales west of South Australia was transferred to South Australia by letters patent. The act of parliament was passed on 22 July 1861. [31] 13 March 1862 The portion of New South Wales north of South Australia and east of 138° east was transferred to Queensland. [32] 6 July 1863
The ancestors of Aboriginal Australians began arriving from south-east Asia 50,000 to 65,000 years ago, during the last glacial period. [1] [2] Arriving by sea, they settled the continent and had formed approximately 250 distinct language groups by the time of European settlement, maintaining some of the longest known continuing artistic and religious traditions in the world.
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, [17] ... In 1803, a settlement was established in Van Diemen's Land (present-day Tasmania), [104] ...
The prehistory of Australia is the period between the first human habitation of the Australian continent and the colonisation of Australia in 1788, which marks the start of consistent written documentation of Australia. This period has been variously estimated, with most evidence suggesting that it goes back between 50,000 and 65,000 years.
First European settlement in Queensland 1825 Brisbane: Queensland Largest city and capital of Queensland. 1826 King George's Sound Western Australia: Oldest settlement in the western half of Australia 1826 Burrangong Station New South Wales Settled as Burrangong Station, in Lambing Flat. Gazetted as Young in the 1860s. 1827 Burnie: Tasmania
Although a convict-supported settlement was established in Western Australia from 1826 to 1831, direct transportation of convicts did not begin until 1850. It continued until 1868. During that period, 9,668 convicts were transported on 43 convict ships.