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A geophyte (earth+plant) is a plant with an underground storage organ including true bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, enlarged hypocotyls, and rhizomes. Most plants with underground stems are geophytes but not all plants that are geophytes have underground stems. Geophytes are often physiologically active even when they lack leaves.
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome (/ ˈ r aɪ z oʊ m / RY-zohm) [note 1] is a modified subterranean plant stem that sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. Rhizomes are also called creeping rootstalks or just rootstalks. [3] Rhizomes develop from axillary buds and grow horizontally. The rhizome also retains the ability to allow new shoots ...
corm. adj. cormose, cormous. A fleshy, swollen stem base, usually underground and functioning in the storage of food reserves, with buds naked or covered by very thin scales; a type of rootstock. cormel A small corm (or cormlet), forming at the base of a growing larger corm. [30] corneous Horny in texture; stiff and hard, but somewhat tough ...
The new corm forms at the shoot base just above the old corm. As the new corm grows, short stolons appear that end with the newly growing small cormels. As the plants grow and flower, they use up the old corm, which shrivels away. The new corm that replaces the old corm grows in size, especially after flowering ends.
A number of plants have soil-level or above-ground rhizomes, including Iris species and many orchid species. T. Holm (1929) restricted the term rhizome to a horizontal, usually subterranean, stem that produces roots from its lower surface and green leaves from its apex, developed directly from the plumule of the embryo.
Corms are solid enlarged underground stems that store nutrients in their fleshy and solid stem tissue and are surrounded by papery leaves. Corms differ from bulbs in that their centers consists of solid tissue while bulbs consist of layered leaves. [24] Examples of plants that use corms are gladiolus and taro.
Corm: A short enlarged underground storage stem, e.g. taro, crocus, gladiolus. Decumbent stem in Cucurbita maxima. Decumbent: A stem that lies flat on the ground and turns upwards at the ends. Fruticose: Stems that grow shrublike with woody like habit. Herbaceous: Non woody stems which die at the end of the growing season.
A harvested ginger rhizome. True roots: Storage taproot – e.g. carrot; Tuberous root or root tuber – e.g. Dahlia [4] Modified stems: Bulb (a short stem that produces fleshy scale leaves or modified leaf bases) – e.g. Lilium, Narcissus, onion; Caudex – e.g. Adenium (desert-rose) Corm – e.g. Crocus; Pseudobulb – e.g. Pleione ...