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Since JDK 1.2, Java has included a standard set of collection classes, the Java collections framework. Doug Lea, who also participated in the Java collections framework implementation, developed a concurrency package, comprising several concurrency primitives and a large battery of collection-related classes. [19]
The Java Foundation Classes are comparable to the Microsoft Foundation Class Library (MFC). JFC is an extension of the original Java Abstract Windowing Toolkit (AWT). Using JFC and Swing, an additional set of program components, a programmer can write programs that are independent of the windowing system within a particular operating system.
Java generics, introduced in Java 5, are also supported. Hibernate can be configured to lazy load associated collections. [2]: 289–293 Lazy loading is the default as of Hibernate 3. Related objects can be configured to cascade operations from one object to the other. For example, a parent Album class object can be configured to cascade its ...
The open-source IcedTea project provides an alternative JNLP implementation in IcedTea-Web. As of version 1.7.2, it also works on newer versions without official JWS support. [8] To run Java Web Start-based application after the release of Java 11, the company Karakun AG has released the open source tool OpenWebStart, based on IcedTea-Web. [9]
A context switch can also occur as the result of an interrupt, such as when a task needs to access disk storage, freeing up CPU time for other tasks. Some operating systems also require a context switch to move between user mode and kernel mode tasks. The process of context switching can have a negative impact on system performance. [3]: 28
Multiprogramming is a computing technique that enables multiple programs to be concurrently loaded and executed into a computer's memory, allowing the CPU to switch between them swiftly. This optimizes CPU utilization by keeping it engaged with the execution of tasks, particularly useful when one program is waiting for I/O operations to complete.
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Every Java application must have an entry point. This is true of both graphical interface applications and console applications. The entry point is the main method. There can be more than one class with a main method, but the main class is always defined externally (for example, in a manifest file).