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The electronvolt is divided by the Boltzmann constant to convert to the Kelvin scale: / = = , where k B is the Boltzmann constant. The k B is assumed when using the electronvolt to express temperature, for example, a typical magnetic confinement fusion plasma is 15 keV (kiloelectronvolt), which is equal to 174 MK (megakelvin).
Boltzmann constant: The Boltzmann constant, k, is one of seven fixed constants defining the International System of Units, the SI, with k = 1.380 649 x 10 −23 J K −1. The Boltzmann constant is a proportionality constant between the quantities temperature (with unit kelvin) and energy (with unit joule).
kT (also written as k B T) is the product of the Boltzmann constant, k (or k B), and the temperature, T.This product is used in physics as a scale factor for energy values in molecular-scale systems (sometimes it is used as a unit of energy), as the rates and frequencies of many processes and phenomena depend not on their energy alone, but on the ratio of that energy and kT, that is, on E ...
Constant Value Relative standard uncertainty c: speed of light: c = 299 792 458 m⋅s −1: u r (c) = 0 [1] e: elementary charge: e = 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 C: u r (e) = 0 [2] eV: electronvolt: eV = 1.602 176 634 × 10 −19 J: u r (eV) = 0 [3] F: Faraday constant: F = 9.648 533 212... × 10 4 C⋅mol −1: u r (F) = 0 [4] G ...
These include the Boltzmann constant, which gives the correspondence of the dimension temperature to the dimension of energy per degree of freedom, and the Avogadro constant, which gives the correspondence of the dimension of amount of substance with the dimension of count of entities (the latter formally regarded in the SI as being dimensionless).
The diffusion coefficient for a charge carrier is related to its mobility by the Einstein relation. For a classical system (e.g. Boltzmann gas), it reads: = where: k B is the Boltzmann constant; T is the absolute temperature; e is the electric charge of an electron
The SI unit of temperature is the kelvin (K), but using the above relation the electron temperature is often expressed in terms of the energy unit electronvolt (eV). Each kelvin (1 K) corresponds to 8.617 333 262... × 10 −5 eV; this factor is the ratio of the Boltzmann constant to the elementary charge. [6]
The boost charger CC/CV charging algorithm is a further development of the constant current/constant voltage algorithms. Instead of using the constant voltage and current in the entire charging period, it boosts the charging efficiency through maximizing voltage in the first period, with the battery reaching approximately 30% of its nominal ...