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In the human pathogenic genus Cryptococcus, four nuclei following meiosis remain in the basidium, but continually divide mitotically, each nucleus migrating into synchronously forming nonballistic basidiospores that are then pushed upwards by another set forming below them, resulting in four parallel chains of dry "basidiospores". [citation needed]
Two basidiospores must germinate and fuse to be viable and produce mycelium. [22] In the late summer and autumn, Armillaria mellea produces mushrooms with notched gills, a ring near the cap base, and a white to golden color. [25] They do not always appear, [22] but when they do they can be found on both living and dead trees near the ground. [22]
Agaricus bisporus basidiospores. A basidiospore is a reproductive spore produced by basidiomycete fungi, a grouping that includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts, and smuts. Basidiospores typically each contain one haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis, and they are produced by specialized fungal cells called basidia.
[1] [6] Upon germination of the teliospore, basidia with basidiospores are produced. Basidia are transversely septate, two-celled and 4–6 x 20–25 μm in size. Each basidium will generally produce two large basidiospores that are 5–6 × 7–10 μm in size. [6]
Catenulate, septate basidia of Sirobasidium brefeldianum. The basidia are "tremelloid" (globose to ellipsoid or fusiform and vertically or diagonally septate) and catenulate (formed in chains), giving rise to fusiform sterigmata or epibasidia which detach from the basidia and then produce basidiospores.
With fungi, most types of basidiospores formed on basidia are discharged into the air from the tips of sterigmata. At least 30 thousand species of mushrooms, basidiomycete yeasts, and other fungal groups may discharge ballistospores, sometimes at initial accelerations exceeding 10 thousand times g .
Sexual spores called basidiospores are created in the fertile layer on the lower surface of the basidiocarps, whilst conidiospores occur in the asexual stage and are produced on microscopic "conidiophores" which erupt through the surface of the host tree. Conidiospores and basidiospores are both produced by this fungus, the latter being more ...
Once the urediniospores mature on the plant tissue and turn black they become teliospores. Urediniospores measure 22-33 × 20-28 μm. Teliospores are two-celled and measure 27-53 μm. [8] Teliospores overwinter in the southern climate and germinate in the spring. Teliospores produce basidiospores which spread by wind to infect Oxalis.