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The roots of periodization come from Hans Selye's model, known as the General adaptation syndrome (GAS). The GAS describes three basic stages of response to stress: (a) the Alarm stage, involving the initial shock of the stimulus on the system, (b) the Resistance stage, involving the adaptation to the stimulus by the system, and (c) the Exhaustion stage, in that repairs are inadequate, and a ...
The first sport psychology laboratory was founded by Dr. Carl Diem in Berlin, in the early 1920s. [7] The early years of sport psychology were also highlighted by the formation of the Deutsche Hochschule für Leibesübungen (College of Physical Education) in Berlin, Germany, by Robert Werner Schulte in 1920.
For example, before running or playing an intensive sport, athletes might slowly jog to warm their muscles and increase their heart rate. It is important that warm-ups be specific to the activity, so that the muscles to be used are activated. The risks and benefits of combining stretching with warming up are disputable, although it is generally ...
The participants in the study performed HIIT (defined as ten sets of 4-minute cycling bursts at an intensity of 90% VO2max separated by 2 minutes of rest) every other day over a 2-week period. The study found that seven sessions of HIIT over a 2-week period improved whole body fat oxidation and the capacity for skeletal muscle to oxidize fat in ...
The first principle suggests that one should divide the health behavior change process into two phases. There is a switch of mindsets when people move from deliberation to action. First comes the motivation phase in which people develop their intentions. Afterwards, they enter the volition phase. Principle 2: Two volitional phases. In the ...
The effect of training on the body has been defined as the reaction to the adaptive responses of the body arising from exercise [3] or as "an elevation of metabolism produced by exercise". [4] Exercise physiologists study the effect of exercise on pathology, and the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.
Although static stretching is part of some warm-up routines, pre-exercise static stretching usually reduces an individual's overall muscular strength and maximal performance, regardless of an individual's age, sex, or training status. [8] For this reason, an active dynamic warm-up is recommended before exercise in place of static stretching.
Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the American Psychological Association.The journal was established in 2011 and covers research "that supports the application of psychological principles to facilitate peak sport performance, enhance physical activity participation, and achieve optimal human performance". [1]